1- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (196 Views)
Increasing male infertility rates have led to a greater need for new artificial testicular systems in order to preserve fertility. Laboratory studies have shown that preservation, proliferation, differentiation, and transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells or testicular tissue could be ways to maintain the fertility of childhood cancer patients and azoospermic men in the future. In this regard, tissue and cell culture, supplements and 3D scaffolds have created a new perspective on the differentiation of stem cells in vitro, which could improve the outcomes of male infertility. The 3D matrix appears to allow for the formation of colonies and the proper arrangement of testicular cells, although differentiation has not yet been fully obtained. Therefore, in the future, new systems will be needed so that they can cause proliferation and maturation of germ cells in laboratory conditions and ultimately produce functional sperm by emphasizing regeneration of the germ cell microenvironment.