1. Vincoli JW. Lead chloride. In: Risk management for hazardous chemicals. Boca Raton: Lewis Publisher. 1997; 2005-2010.
2. Sokol RZ, Madding CE, Swerdloff RS. Lead toxicity and the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Biol Reprod 1985; 33: 722-728. [
DOI:10.1095/biolreprod33.3.722]
3. Allouche L, Hamadouche M, Touabti A. Chronic effects of low lead levels on sperm quality, gonadotropins and testosterone in albino rats. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2009; 61: 503-510. [
DOI:10.1016/j.etp.2008.12.003]
4. Krasznai Z, Márián T, Izumi H, Damjanovich S, Balkay L, Trón L, Morisawa M. Membrane hyperpolarization removes inactivation of Ca2+ channels, leading to Ca2+ influx and subsequent initiation of sperm motility in the common carp. Proc Nat Acad Sci 2000; 97: 2052-2057. [
DOI:10.1073/pnas.040558097]
5. Acharya UR, Acharya S, Mishra M. Lead acetate induced cytotoxicity in male germinal cells of Swiss mice. Industrial Health 2003; 41: 291-294. [
DOI:10.2486/indhealth.41.291]
6. Aboul-Ela EI. The protective effect of calcium against genotoxicity of lead acetate administration on bone marrow and spermatocyte cells of mice in vivo. Mutat Res 2002; 516: 1-9. [
DOI:10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00332-1]
7. Golshan-Iranpour F, Emami E. The effects of lead on motility, viability and DNA denaturation of cauda epididymal spermatozoa of mouse. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci 2011; 13:1-8.
8. Mishra M, Acharya UR. Protective action of vitamins on the spermatogenesis in lead-treated Swiss mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2004; 18: 173-178. [
DOI:10.1016/j.jtemb.2004.03.007]
9. Dhir H, Ghosh S, Sharma A, Talukder G. Interaction between two group IV metals-lead and zirconium-in bone marrow cells of Mus musculus in vivo. Biometals 1992; 5: 81-86. [
DOI:10.1007/BF01062218]
10. Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Téllez-Rojo MM, Mercado-García A, Hu H, Hernández-Avila M, Ettinger AS, et al. Effect of calcium supplementation on blood lead levels in pregnancy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Environ Health Perspect 2008; 117: 26-31.
11. Meredith PA, Moore MR, Goldberg A. The effect of calcium on lead absorption in rats. Biochem J 1977; 166: 531-537. [
DOI:10.1042/bj1660531]
12. Marín-Briggiler CI, Gonzalez-Echeverría F, Buffone M, Calamera JC, Tezón JG, Vazquez-Levin MH.Calcium requirements for human sperm function in vitro. Fertil Steril 2003; 79: 1396-1403. [
DOI:10.1016/S0015-0282(03)00267-X]
13. Darszon A, Nishigaki T, Beltran C, Trevi-o CL. Calcium channels in the development, maturation, and function of spermatozoa. Physiol Rev 2011; 91: 1305-1355. [
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00028.2010]
14. Bhoumik A, Saha S, Majumder GC, Dungdung SR. Optimum calcium concentration: a crucial factor in regulating sperm motility in vitro. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 70:1177-1183. [
DOI:10.1007/s12013-014-0038-x]
15. Weber J, Scheid W, Traut H. Enhancement of bleomycin-induced DNA damage by exposing isolated DNA to high concentrations of the calcium antagonist verapamil. Arzneimittel-Forschung 1989; 39: 1550-1554.