Showing 14 results for Diet
Ashraf Kazemi, Fatemeh Ramezanzadeh, Mohammad Hosein Nasr-Esfahani, Ali Akbar Saboor Yaraghi, Mehdi Ahmadi,
Volume 11, Issue 12 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background: Fat-rich diet may alter oocyte development and maturation and embryonic development by inducing oxidative stress (OS) in follicular environment.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between fat intake and oxidative stress with oocyte competence and embryo quality.
Materials and Methods: In observational study follicular fluid was collected from 236 women undergoing assisted reproduction program. Malon-di-aldehyde (MDA) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels of follicular fluid were assessed as oxidative stress biomarkers. In assisted reproduction treatment cycle fat consumption and its component were assessed. A percentage of metaphase ΙΙ stage oocytes, fertilization rate were considered as markers of oocyte competence and non-fragmented embryo rate, mean of blastomer and good cleavage (embryos with more than 5 cells on 3 days post insemination) rate were considered as markers of embryo quality.
Results: The MDA level in follicular fluid was positively related to polyunsaturated fatty acids intake level (p=0.02) and negatively associated with good cleavage rate (p=0.045). Also good cleavage rate (p=0.005) and mean of blastomer (p=0.006) was negatively associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids intake levels. The percentage of metaphase ΙΙ stage oocyte was positively related to the TAC levels in follicular fluid (p=0.046). The relationship between the OS biomarkers in FF and the fertilization rate was not significant.
Conclusion: These findings revealed that fat rich diet may induce the OS in oocyte environment and negatively influence embryonic development. This effect can partially be accounted by polyunsaturated fatty acids uptake while oocyte maturation is related to TAC and oocytes with low total antioxidant capacity have lower chance for fertilization and further development.
Abbasali Gaeini, Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad, Siroos Choobineh, Neda Mousavi, Sadegh Satarifard, Leila Shafieineek,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (3-2017)
Abstract
Background: Based on different studies it was shown that exercise training is an important factor in preconception and prenatal care.
Objective: Based on the importance of exercise training in preconception and perinatal careT, the aim of this study was to determine whether regular preconception exercise training with or without exercise training during pregnancy decreases detrimental effects of maternal high fat diet on female offspring bone health.
Materials and Methods: Twenty four C57BL/6 female mice were fed high fat diet (35%) and were randomly divided into four subgroups: trained in preconception period and exercised during pregnancy (TE); trained in preconception periods but unexercised during pregnancy (TC); untrained in preconception periods but exercised during pregnancy (CE); untrained and unexercised (CC). Trained mice were subjected to a protocol of moderate endurance exercise training over a period of 4 weeks before pregnancy. TE and CE Dams groups had access to wheels throughout pregnancy until delivery. Analyses were performed on the female offspring that did not have access to running wheels or exercise training during any portion of their lives. The relative expression levels of β-catenin, PPARƴ, OPG and RANKL were determined by Quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR).
Results: Exercise during pregnancy in isolation had no effect on any measure genes but exercise both before and during pregnancy affected all genes. Exercise only before pregnancy increased β-catenin and OPG and decreased PPARƴ, RANKL and RANKL/OPG ratio (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that maternal exercise training before and during pregnancy may modulate the risk of bone disorders in offspring of mothers fed a high fat diet.
Mahbobeh Sadat Hosseini, Alireza Dizavi, Hosein Rostami, Karim Parastouei, Saeed Esfandiari,
Volume 15, Issue 9 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background: Despite many effort to identify and control the factors involved in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), there are no available reports indicating the association of healthy eating index (HEI) and PCOS.
Objective: The present study has been conducted to examine the relationship between HEI and PCOS.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, the study population comprised 297 women aged 20-40 yr referred to Baqiyatallah Hospital Clinics, Tehran, Iran in two groups: case group (n=99) and control group (n=198). The usual dietary data were collected using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Standard anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and waist circumference) were also taken. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the PCOS and the HEI.
Results: The mean age and body mass index of case and control groups were 29±5.5 vs. 29.5±6 yr and 26.6±4.8 vs. 26±4.2 kg/m², respectively (p=0.752, p=0.822). Mean HEI scores for the case and control groups were found to be 61 and 65, respectively. In final model and after adjustment for confounders, the prevalence of PCOS in subjects in the highest tertile HEI score was significantly (50%) less than those in the lowest tertile HEI score (OR=0.50; 95% CI: 0.25-0.74, p=0.001).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that HEI score is inversely associated with the risk of PCOS in adult women
Samaneh Youseflu , Shahideh Jahanian Sadatmahalleh, Azadeh Mottaghi, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad,
Volume 17, Issue 9 (9-2019)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis, defined as the attendance of endometrial-like lesions in extra uterine locations, causes pain, infertility, and reduced quality of life.
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between food consumption and nutrient intake with risk of endometriosis.
Materials and Methods: Of the 156 women approached for the study, 78 women had endometriosis and 78 healthy women were included in the control group. Dietary data were collected using a validated 147-item semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with the standard serving size. A logistic regression model was used to determine the association of macronutrients and energy intake with the risk of endometriosis.
Results: In women with higher intake of protein, especially animal protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, soluble and insoluble fiber, oleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid endometriosis is less common (p< 0.05). High consumption of vegetables, fruits, red meat, yellow vegetables, potatoes, legumes, dairy products, liquid oil, and low intake of fried potatoes was associated with a lower risk of endometriosis (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: Regarding the association of dietary intake on endometriosis risk, counseling about improving the dietary structure can contribute toward the prevention and control of endometriosis.
Haeri F, Shirani M, Shariatpanahi Sp, Dehghan Marvast L, Ghiasvand R,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background: Infertility had an increasing trend between couples in the world. Several factors such as unhealthy dietary habits are associated with sperm abnormality.
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the association between food groups intake and sperm variables in men referring to an Iranian Reproductive Sciences Institute.
Materials and Methods: 400 infertile Men 20-55 yr of age admitted to an Iranian Reproduction Research Institute, were selected for this cross-sectional study according to the World Health Organization Fifth Edition Laboratory Guidelines. Usual dietary intake was collected by using a 168 items semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The relationship between food groups and sperm factors was measured by a multiple linear regression model while other confounding variables were adjusted. All data were analyzed using SPSS V. 22 software. P-value less than 0.5 considered as significant.
Results: According to this study, after adjusting for potential confounders, there was a significant relationship between sperm count with refined grains and soft drink, a significant association between normal morphology with whole grains, low-fat dairy intake and fruit, semen volume is significantly related to red meat intake, low-fat dairy, fruit and tea intake and progressive motility had a significant association between progressive motility with whole grains, low-fat dairy, fruit, soft drink and coffee intake (p-trend < 0.05).
Conclusion: We concluded that there is a relationship between grains, dairy, fruits, meat, caffeine and tea dietary intake with sperm parameters, which are sometimes in line or in contradiction with the results of previous studies.
Hosseini Marnani E, Ghadiri-Anari A, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Mohammadi M, Abdollahi N, Namayandeh Sm, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Salehi-Abargouei A, Nadjarzadeh A,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder with prevalence of 5-10% in premenopausal women, which is identified with hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fennel supplementation with energy-restricted diets on body fat and muscle percentage and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-four overweight/obese women with PCOS were randomly allocated to 4 groups for 12 wk as follows: (1) standard diet + fennel (SDF), (2) high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet supplemented with fennel (HPF), (3) standard diet + placebo (SDP), and (4) high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet + placebo (HPP).
Results: After 12 wk of intervention, there were significant changes in the percentage of body fat and muscle in all groups. Decreasing in fasting insulin was −4.12 micIU/ml (p = 0.01) for HPF and −4.5 micIU/ml (p = 0.03) for SDP groups. In addition, HOMA-IR significantly decreased in HPF (p = 0.02) and SDP (p = 0.02) groups.
Conclusion: Energy-restricted diets independent of dietary composition improved the body fat and muscle percentage and insulin resistance indices in women with PCOS. High-protein diet and fennel compared with standard diet and placebo had no significant effect on insulin resistance, body fat and muscle.
Hala Ahmadieh, Nadia Jradi,
Volume 19, Issue 9 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background: Menopausal hot flashes or vasomotor symptoms are prevalent and could be debilitating in postmenopausal women. There is controversy regarding the risk factors for hot flashes, some of which may vary from one country or culture to another.
Objective: To shed light on this matter by assessing the prevalence of hot flashes, their effect on quality of life, and their association with certain factors such as physical exercise, caffeine, spicy food consumption, dietary intake, smoking, alcohol, etc.
Materials and Methods: A large cross-sectional study was conducted among 627 Lebanese women, aged 45-67 yr using a well-developed and comprehensive questionnaire, in order to better assess the prevalence of hot flashes, focusing on their characteristics, association with various factors, severity, and effect on the women’s quality of life.
Results: 62.5% of participants experienced hot flashes. A statistically significant difference was noted between women who experience hot flashes and their counterparts with respect to smoking, body mass index, spicy food consumption, education level, age, menstrual status, and parity. An association was not found with physical activity or other dietary factors.
Conclusion: As an alternative for hormone therapy, clinicians should consider lifestyle changes to help manage hot flashes, which impose a tremendous physical and social toll on the women experiencing them.
Vinita Singh, Neelam Tamar, Zamir Lone, Esha Das, Rajshree Sahu, Sagarika Majumdar,
Volume 19, Issue 11 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background: Research examining the role of vitamin D deficiency and the development of menstrual disorders in women is of widespread interest. Studies have been published showing that supplementation with high-dose vitamin D can lead to the restoration of the menstrual cycle. We lack adequate information regarding the effect of vitamin D levels on the physiology of menstruation and further on fertility in women of reproductive age due to the contradictory results reported by studies.
Objective: To study the association of 25-hydroxy vitamin D with menstrual cycle characteristics including long and short cycle length and cycle irregularity.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, serum vitamin D level of 166 women attending an outpatient department with menstrual irregularities after excluding all obvious causes of menstrual disorders (n = 83) between April-June 2019 were measured and were compared with women of similar profiles with complaints other than menstrual irregularities (n = 83).
Results: A decreased level of vitamin D was associated with a 13.3 times odds of an irregular cycle (OR (95% CI): 13.30 (5.79-30.60), p < 0.001). 25-hydroxy vitamin D was not associated with age or body mass index. We found a significant difference (p < 0.001) in mean vitamin D levels among the females with irregular cycles vs. regular cycles.
Conclusion: Vitamin D plays a role in the physiology of reproduction specific to the menstrual cycle and ovulation. Long-term prospective studies assessing the exact cutoff value and the exact dose of supplementation required are needed.
Kimia Leilami, Azadeh Zarei, Mehran Nouri, Milad Bagheri, Mahsa Shirani,
Volume 20, Issue 11 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background: Infertility has been a major problem for young couples in recent years. One way to assay the diet quality is the healthy eating index (HEI), related to infertility.
Objective: This study aims to assess the association between the HEI score with semen parameters in Iranian infertile men.
Materials and Methods: 260 eligible men (18-55 yr), were referred to the major infertility clinic in the summer of 2018 and entered this cross-sectional study. Based on the 5th edition of the world health organization laboratory manual, semen parameters including: sperm concentration, volume, motility, and morphology were analyzed and to specify dietary intake of individuals a 168-item questionnaire was used. Also, to calculate the total HEI score, all 13 components based on HEI-2015 components and scoring standards were summed up.
Results: Participants in the highest tertile, had no difference in mean sperm parameters with those in the lowest tertile in the crude model. No significant association was found between sperm parameters and HEI score tertiles in the crude model, even after adjustment for potential confounders, except for concentration (OR: 0.39 and CI: 0.15, 0.99, p = 0.04). Participants in the highest tertile had a lower risk of abnormal concentration and motility in the crude model. The risk of abnormal concentration decreased, and motility increased in the adjusted model.
Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, there was no significant relationship between HEI and sperm indexes, except for sperm concentration. Therefore, more studies need to be done in future.
Ghazal Roshanzadeh, Shahideh Jahanian Sadatmahalleh, Ashraf Moini, Azadeh Mottagh, Farahnaz Rostami,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background: Fewer studies were on micronutrient intake in women with endometriosis, and the etiology of endometriosis remains unclear between dietary micronutrients and the risk of endometriosis.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary micronutrients and the risk of endometriosis.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 156 women (18-45 yr) with and without endometriosis in the gynecology clinic of Arash hospital between May 2017 and May 2018 in Tehran, Iran. According to the laparoscopic findings, the participants were divided into 2 groups (n = 78/each), women with pelvic endometriosis as the case group and women without endometriosis pelvic as the control group. Dietary data were collected using a validated 168-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire with the standard serving. A logistic regression model was used to determine the association between micronutrients and the risk of endometriosis.
Results: Data analysis showed a significant relationship between micronutrients such as: potassium (OR: 0.74; CI: 0.56-0.99; p = 0.01), calcium (OR: 0.70; CI: 0.52-0.94; p = 0.003), and also among the vitamin C (OR: 0.70; CI: 0.52-0.94; p = 0.02), B2 (OR: 0.73; CI: 0.55-0.98; p = 0.01), and B12 (OR: 0.71; CI: 0.53-0.95; p = 0.02) with endometriosis, so those who used fewer micronutrients were at higher risk of endometriosis.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the dietary intakes of calcium, potassium, vitamins B12, B2, B6, and C are inversely related to the risk of endometriosis.
Tayebeh Zohrabi, Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha, Sara Jambarsang, Azadeh Nadjarzadeh, Abbas Aflatoonian, Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi ,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases with major reproductive and metabolic complications with an impact on public health. Hyperandrogenism and chronic inflammation have been suggested as the leading cause of pathophysiology and clinical manifestations associated with PCOS. It seems that the altered expression of genes involved in the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokine and androgens contribute to the promotion of PCOS.
Objective: This trial aims to determine the effects of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and standard diets with and without curcumin supplementation on the gene expression of interleukin-1 alpha (IL1α), 5α reductase and androgenic and glycemic profile among PCOS patients, who are candidates for in vitro fertilization.
Materials and Methods: 96 infertile women with PCOS, aged 18-40 yr, will participate in this randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Based on treatment conditions and body mass index, the participants will be randomly divided into 4 equal groups using a randomized block design. They will receive a DASH or standard diet containing 52% carbohydrate, 18% protein, and 30% total fat, with the same prescribed sodium, plus 500 mg twice daily curcumin or placebo for 12 wk. The mRNA expression of IL-1α, 5α reductase, and androgenic and glycemic profiles will be measured at baseline and at the end of the study.
Conclusion: Concomitant administration of DASH diet and curcumin supplementation may reduce IL-1α, 5α reductase gene expressions, and improve glycemic and androgenic profiles.
Tayebeh Zohrabi, Azadeh Nadjarzadeh, Sara Jambarsang, Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha, Abbas Aflatoonian, Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi,
Volume 22, Issue 9 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that can lead to major reproductive and metabolic complications. Management of glycemic parameters is an important step to improve the symptoms of PCOS.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet and curcumin (Cur) co-administration on glycemic parameters in normal weight and overweight/obese women with PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilization.
Materials and Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical study, 104 infertile women with PCOS were divided into 4 intervention groups considering treatment conditions and body mass index. They received 500 mg twice daily of Cur or placebo (Pls) along with DASH or a standard diet (St) based on macronutrient composition (52% carbohydrate, 18% protein, and 30% fat) for 12 wk, (DASH+Cur, DASH+Pls, St+Cur, St+Pls). The effect of these interventions on fasting blood sugar and insulin levels, insulin resistance (IR), and insulin sensitivity were determined.
Results: Participants adhered to the intervention protocol (> 80%). Insulin levels in the supplement intervention (Cur + diet) decreased significantly in the crude model. They remained significant even after adjusting for confounding variables in adjusted models (body mass index classification, energy difference, age, and physical activity levels at the baseline) (ß = -45.3, 95% CI [-73.23, -17.46], p = 0.002). Homeostasis model assessment of IR decreased significantly in the supplement intervention even after controlling for confounding factors in adjusted models. Changes in fasting blood sugar and insulin sensitivity were not significant in either the crude or adjusted models.
Conclusion: The study results show that adding Cur to the diet can positively reduce insulin levels, improve IR, and lead to faster recovery of hyperinsulinemia. Cur supplementation with a healthy diet has synergistic beneficial effects on glycemic parameters. Larger clinical trials with longer durations are needed to confirm these results.
This article has been extracted from Ph.D. Thesis. (Tayebeh Zohrabi)
Registration ID in IRCT: IRCT20200915048731N1
Kassandra Said Fares, Georges Hani Abi Tayeh, Emile Roger Whaibeh, Romy Jihad Louis, Lina Yasser Jaalouk, Yara Matar Matar, Myriam Andraos Mrad,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (1-2025)
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, 17.5% of the population suffers from infertility. This demonstrates the critical need to expand access to high-quality reproductive care and increase our understanding of the factors that contribute to this issue. This review aims to summarize findings and gaps in the literature regarding diet-related factors and infertility among the Eastern Mediterranean couples poorly studied compared to other populations. The literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases from January 2012-July 2023. In total, 112 papers described the influence of diet and supplementation on natural and artificial reproductive outcomes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and were found eligible for the review synthesis. For men, a diet rich in red meat, fatty foods, whole grains, and low in fish, poultry, low-fat dairy products, and vegetables have a positive effect on sperm count. For women, maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for their fertility. Overall, various vitamins and supplements significantly enhance gametes quality, hormonal balance, and antioxidant capacity, despite the results not being consistent across all studies. The findings highlight distinct dietary patterns that mitigate or exacerbate infertility risks, considering macro and micronutrients. Studies unevenly describe potential risk factors, underscoring the need for further exploration across diverse populations.
Shahab-Aldin Akbarian, Amin Salehi-Abargouei, Sara Jambarsang, Habib Nikukar, Azadeh Nadjarzadeh,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background: Abnormal gestational weight gain (GWG) can carry risks for both the mother and the baby. Diet imbalances are the determining factor in the weight gain of pregnant women.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationship between nutritional patterns and the weight of pregnant mothers living in Yazd, Iran from 2021-2022.
Materials and Methods: In this cohort study, data from 1,497 pregnant women aged 18-45 yr with singleton pregnancy who completed the food frequency questionnaire in the Yazd Birth Cohort Study were extracted. This data included demographic variables, GWG (difference between initial weight at 13-15 wk and 1 wk before the expected delivery date), and food intake information before the 13th wk of pregnancy. The women were categorized into 3 groups based on GWG: inadequate, normal, and excessive. Dietary patterns were extracted from the food frequency questionnaireusing principal component analysis, and multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and GWG categories.
Results: According to the frequency of food consumption, 3 dietary patterns were obtained: the traditional pattern (cabbage vegetables, fruits, and dried fruits), the unhealthy pattern (processed meats and sweetened drinks), and the vegetable/fruit/olive pattern. The analyses results showed that pregnant women who followed the fruit/vegetable/olive pattern had a lower chance of insufficient weight gain during pregnancy (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45-0.98).
Conclusion: Consuming various fruits and vegetables can help regulate GWG in the population of pregnant women lived in Yazd, Iran. Diet can be considered one of the most effective and safe interventions.
This article has been extracted from Ph.D. Thesis. (Shahab-Aldin Akbarian)
