Showing 8 results for Embryo Transfer.
Razieh Dehghani Firouzabadi, Robab Davar, Farzaneh Hojjat, Mohamad Mahdavi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (4-2013)
Abstract
Background: Sildenafil citrate may increase endometrial thickness and affect the outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.
Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of sildenafil citrate on ultrasonographic endometrial thickness and pattern and to investigate the estrogen level on the day of progesterone administration, the implantation rate and chemical pregnancy rate in frozen embryo transfer cycles.
Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 patients who had an antecedent of poor endometrial response and frozen embryos. 40 patients were given estradiol by a step up method with menstruation to prepare the endometrium, and the other 40 were given sildenafil citrate tablets (50 mg) daily in addition to the above treatment protocol from the first day of the cycle until the day progesterone was started. This was discontinued 48-72 hours prior to the embryo transfer.
Results: The endometrial thickness was significantly higher in the sildenafil citrate group (p<0.0001), the triple line patterns of the endometrium were significantly higher in the sildenafil citrate group (p<0.0001), while the intermediate patterns of the endometrium were not significantly different in the two groups. The echogen patterns of the endometrium were significantly higher in control group (p<0.0001). Finally, implantation rate and the chemical pregnancy rates were higher in the sildenafil citrate group but not significantly.
Conclusion: As our study shows, the oral use of sildenafil citrate is a good way to improve the endometrial receptivity. We recommend the routine use of oral sildenafil citrate in patients with a previous failure of assisted reproduction technology cycles due to poor endometrial thickness.
Rehana Rehman, Zahir Hussain, Syeda Sadia Fatima,
Volume 11, Issue 9 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background: There has been an increase in number of obese infertile females booked for advanced infertility treatment procedures like in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The knowledge of impact of body mass index (BMI) on reproductive outcome can help to counsel these patients.
Objective: To compare reproductive outcome in females of different BMI after ICSI.
Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study of 323 females was conducted from June 2010 till August 2011. Females were grouped on the basis of BMI; underweight, (BMI <18 kg/m2), normal weight, (BMI 18-22.9 kg/m2) overweight (BMI 23-25.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥26 kg/m2). The procedure involved down regulation of ovaries, controlled ovarian stimulation, ovulation induction by hCG, oocyte pickup, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer of blastocysts. The oocyte yield and embryological data of all BMI groups was compared by ANOVA (analysis of variance). Pregnancy outcome of these was categorized as; no conception βhCG <5 m IU/ml, preclinical abortion with βhCG >5 m IU/ml, no cardiac activity on trans vaginal scan (TVS) and clinical pregnancy with βhCG >5mIU/ml and cardiac activity on trans vaginal scan.
Results: Females with BMI 23-25.99 kg/m2 had maximum oocyte retrieval, fertilization, implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in comparison to obese females with BMI ≥26 kg/m2.
Conclusion: A BMI cut off value of above 26 kg/m2 in our study population is associated with a negative impact on pregnancy outcome.
Zahra Basirat, Hajar Adib Rad, Sedigheh Esmailzadeh, Seyed Gholam Ali Jorsaraei, Karimollah Hajian- Tilaki, Hajar Pasha, Faeze Ghofrani,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: The use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is increasing in the world. The rate, efficacy and safety of ART are very different among countries. There is an increase in the use of intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), single fresh embryo transfer (ET) and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET).
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare pregnancy rate in fresh ET and FET.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study 1014 ICSI-ET cycles (426 fresh ET and 588 FET) from 753 women undergoing ICSI treatment referred to Fatemezahra Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center in Babol, Iran from 2008 to 2013 were reviewed.
Results: There were no significant differences between biochemical pregnancy rate (23% versus 18.8%, OR 1.301; 95% CI .95-1.774), gestational sac (95.6% versus 100% in FET, OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.54-0.67), and fetal heart activity (87.2% versus 93.6% OR .46; 95% CI .16-1.32) in fresh ET and FET cycles, respectively. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all measures.
Conclusion: Although, the result showed no significantly difference between the fresh ET and the FET cycles, however the embryos are able to be stored for subsequent ART. Therefore, we recommend FET cycles as an option alongside the fresh ET.
Afsoon Zareii, Sara Davoodi, Mahshid Alborzi, Marzieh Eslami Moghadam, Elham Askary,
Volume 19, Issue 10 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background: Since progesterone alone does not seem to be enough for luteal phase support (LPS), especially in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles, so gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) is suggested as an adjuvant therapy in combination with progesterone for LPS.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of the administration of GnRH-a with vaginal progesterone compared to vaginal progesterone alone in luteal phase support of the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 240 infertile women who were candidate for FET were evaluated into two groups (n = 120/each). Group I received 400 mg vaginal progesterone twice a day from the time of transfer. Second group received vaginal progesterone and also 0.1 mg diphereline on days 0, 3, and 6 of FET for LPS. Finally, the clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates, and the implantation, and spontaneous abortion rates were compared in two groups.
Results: Results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean age of women and the duration of infertility (p = 0.78, p = 0.58, respectively). There were no significant differences between groups in the terms of implantation and spontaneous abortion rates (p = 0.19, p = 0.31, respectively). However, in terms of clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates, the significant differences were seen between groups (p = 0.008 and p = 0.005, respectively).
Conclusion: Co-administration of GnRH-a and vaginal progesterone in LPS may be superior to vaginal progesterone alone in women who underwent a frozen-selected embryo transfer cycle.
Samaneh Jalaliani, Robab Davar, Farzad Akbarzadeh, Fatemeh Emami, Maryam Eftekhar,
Volume 20, Issue 9 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background: Luteal phase deficiency is common in assisted reproductive technology and is characterized by inadequate progesterone production. Various studies have shown that administration of progesterone in fresh embryo transfer cycles increases the rate of clinical pregnancy and live birth rate. Progesterone administration has variable types: oral, vaginal, oil-based intramuscular, and subcutaneous.
Objective: This study aims to compare the effect of adding intramuscular progesterone to the vaginal progesterone for luteal phase support in the fresh embryo transfer cycle.
Materials and Methods: This study reviewed the information related to 355 women who had a fresh embryo transfer between March 2020 and February 2021 at the Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Yazd, Iran. The participants population were divided into 2 groups based on the type of luteal phase support regime: group I (n = 173) received 400 mg vaginal progesterone alone twice a day from the day of ovum pick up; and group II (n = 182) received 50 mg IM of progesterone in addition to vaginal progesterone 400 mg twice a day from the day of ovum pick up. Chemical and clinical pregnancy rates were compared between groups.
Results: The basic characteristics of groups were statistically similar. The rates of chemical and clinical pregnancy were higher in the vaginal plus IM progesterone group than in the vaginal progesterone group. Moreover, chemical pregnancy showed a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.011).
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the addition of IM progesterone to the vaginal progesterone improves the chemical pregnancy rate in fresh embryo transfer.
Zahra Parsafar, Razieh Dehghani-Firouzabadi,
Volume 21, Issue 11 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background: In vitro fertilization has advanced in many ways, and new techniques are challenging. Blastocyst transfer is an alternative method for embryo transfer (ET) to improve in vitro fertilization outcomes.
Objective: The present study was performed to determine the effect of pregnancies resulting from ET in the blastocyst stage compared to the cleavage stage in frozen cycles to select a better method of assisted reproduction.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 194 women who referred to the Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Yazd, Iran, between April 2019 and December 2020. They had a frozen ET as either cleavage or blastocyst (n = 97/each group). The study compared the pregnancy and fetal outcomes in the 2 groups of ET at the cleavage and blastocyst stages.
Results: The results showed that the blastocyst stage group had higher levels of anti-Mullerian hormone, ovule number, 2 pronuclear number, and embryo number than the cleavage stage group. The frequency of chemical pregnancies was 52.6% and 36.1% in blastocyst and cleavage group respectively (p = 0.02). Also, the frequency of clinical pregnancies was 41.2% and 22.7% in blastocyst and cleavage group respectively (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was observed between 2 groups in abortion, preterm delivery, multiple births, preterm premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes and preeclampsia, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal hospitalization in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, and fetal abnormalities (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that transmission in the blastocyst stage compared to the cleavage stage is associated with an increase in chemical and clinical pregnancy, while other pregnancy outcomes are the same in both groups.
Nahid Homayoon, Sahereh Arabian, Esmat Mangoli, Fatemeh Bayati, Maryam Eftekhar,
Volume 22, Issue 6 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background: Assisted reproductive technology (ART), offers hope for many infertile couples by increasing the chance of successful pregnancy. The success of in vitro fertilization depends on various factors, in which embryo transfer (ET) is one of the critical steps influencing in vitro fertilization success rates. Extended embryo culture and blastocyst-stage ET have been considered in ART due to their potential benefits including improved implantation rates.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of sequential ET vs single cleavage-stage ET in women undergoing a fresh ET cycle with a limited number of embryos.
Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 140 women undergoing infertility treatments and candidates for fresh ET at the Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd, Iran from August 2023 to January 2024. Women with a number of embryos from 2-5 (≥ 2 and ≤ 5 available embryos) were randomly divided into 2 groups: One group underwent sequential ET (one cleavage-stage ET followed by one blastocyst ET) and the other group underwent single-step 2 cleavage-stage ET. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy, and the secondary outcome included chemical pregnancy and early abortion rates.
Results: Our findings showed significantly higher rates of clinical (33.5% vs 13.6%, p = 0.003) and chemical (41.3% vs 18.2%, p = 0.004) pregnancies in the sequential ET group compared to the single-step cleavage ET group. The early abortion rate was higher in single-step cleavage ET (13% vs 44.4%, p = 0.053).
Conclusion: Sequential fresh ET is a useful choice in women who have a limited number of embryos and can improve ART outcomes.
Sahereh Arabian, Maryam Eftekhar, Saeideh Dashti, Nahid Homayoon, Elham Nikfarjam,
Volume 22, Issue 10 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: Currently, frozen embryo transfers (FET) account for 41% of all embryo transfer cycles. Vaginal progesterone preparations have become the leading choice for luteal phase support due to their convenient application; however, using only vaginal progesterone during FET cycles results in a lower ongoing pregnancy rate.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether replacing intramuscular (IM) progesterone with oral dydrogesterone in FET cycles affects pregnancy outcomes or not.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, pregnancy outcomes were analyzed in women who underwent cleavage stage FET during an endometrial preparation cycle using hormone replacement therapy at Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Yazd, Iran, between April 2023 and November 2023. The study examined 2 groups based on a luteal phase support regimen: the dydrogesterone group, which received vaginal progesterone and oral dydrogesterone, and the IM progesterone group, which received vaginal progesterone and IM progesterone. Data were extracted from patient files to compare outcomes between the 2 groups.
Results: A total of 960 cycles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed, with 292 women in the dydrogesterone group and 668 women in the IM progesterone group, and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. The chemical pregnancy rates (28.4% vs. 29.9%, p = 0.636), clinical pregnancy rates (25.3% vs. 26.9%, p = 0.604), and ongoing pregnancy rates (21.9% vs. 23.8%, p = 0.525) were lower and miscarriage rates (14.7% vs. 11.7%, p = 0.210) were higher in dydrogesterone group compared to IM progesterone group, although this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Based on the ease of use and similar pregnancy outcomes of oral dydrogesterone, it can potentially replace the daily injections of IM progesterone.
