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Does body mass index compromise assisted reproductive technique outcomes? A cross-sectional study
Fereshteh Bahrami, Saeideh Dashti, Esmat Mangoli, Hanie Sadat Hosseini,
Volume 21, Issue 12 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Overweight and obese people face several health problems. Female obesity has been shown to reduce fertility in the general population. Assisted reproductive technology outcomes in obese cases are widely studied, but the results are inconclusive.
Objective: This study aimed to compare live birth rate (LBR) among women with 4 different types of body mass index (BMI).
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of 1611 women, who were candidates for fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles, was extracted from 2051 medical files at the Reproductive Sciences Institute, Yazd, Iran from May 2019-May 2021. The participants were divided into 4 groups (underweight, normal, overweight, and obese) according to their BMI, and LBR was considered to be the main outcome.
Results: Of 1611 women, 39 were underweight, 585 were normal, 676 were overweight, and 311 were obese. Underweight women had the lowest LBR (12.8%), but there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.55). In addition, LBR was compared in the 4 BMI groups according to age, type of transfer cycle (fresh or freeze), and cause of infertility, and there was comparable LBR in the 4 BMI groups. However, metaphase 2 oocyte rate, doses of gonadotropin usage in the cycles, and estradiol level had statistically significant differences (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: According to our study, obesity does not affect LBR in the IVF cycle, regardless of fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles, different age groups, and causes of infertility.

Changes in menstrual cycles among Iranian women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Fahimeh Ranjbar, Shima Haghani, Motahareh Aghashahi, Maryam Gharacheh,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background: Some women experienced alterations in their menstrual cycles during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in menstrual cycles among Iranian women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1500 women of childbearing age referred to healthcare centers in Tehran, Iran from April-November 2022. Participants were selected using the stratified sampling method. Data were collected via a questionnaire covering information on menstrual cycle, COVID-19 infection, and COVID-19 vaccination status. The study's outcomes focused on menstrual changes by evaluating cycle regularity, duration, and symptoms based on participant-reported observations.
Results: The findings revealed that the pattern of menstrual change during the pandemic occurred in the form of a shorter interval in 8.6%, and longer interval in 8.9%, shorter duration in 10.4%, longer duration in 9.4%, heavier bleeding in 12.3%, lighter bleeding in 14.7%. The chance of menstrual changes in women who were infected with COVID-19 was 54% higher than that of women who were not infected, and the chance of menstrual changes in women who received 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine was 1.5 times higher than women who had not been vaccinated.
Conclusion: Our research revealed a high incidence of menstrual changes among Iranian women of childbearing age during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare providers should be knowledgeable about the menstrual changes associated with COVID-19 infection and vaccination to provide information and support to affected women.

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