Showing 10 results for نگرش
Somayeh Hashemi, Fahimeh Ramezani-Tehrani, Masumeh Simbar, Mehrandokht Abedini, Majid Bahrainian, Roya Gholami,
Volume 11, Issue 8 (11-2013)
Abstract
Background: Menopause and its physical, hormonal and psychosocial changes could affect women’s sexual function. There are controversial results regarding relationship between sexual attitudes and function.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate sexual attitudes and sexual function among Iranian menopausal age women.
Materials and Methods: This population based cross-sectional study was carried out on 225 menopausal women, aged 45-65 years. Based on a self-made questionnaire data were collected about women’s socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes regarding sexuality and sexual function. Data were analyzed using SPSS and sexual function was compared between three groups of women who had positive, medium and negative attitudes regarding sexuality.
Results: The mean age of women was 53.11±4.56 years. Seventy percent of them had at least one sexual problem. Feeling of dyspareunia was significantly different between three categories of attitudes regarding sexuality (p=0.03). Comparing data obtained on their attitudes, sexual desire, orgasm and dyspareunia demonstrated significant differences (p=0.03, 0.04, and 0.04 respectively).
Conclusion: Attitude regarding sexual function has a great impact on sexual activity of postmenopausal women that need to be considered in their health care programming.
Safieh Jamali, Afifeh Rahmanian, Shohreh Javadpour,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Sexual function and its subsequent satisfaction are among the most important aspects of women’s life. However, this instinct could be influenced by some factors such as diseases, drug using, aging, and hormonal and physiologic changes associated with menopause, and sexual behavior.
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence rates of sexual dysfunction, and related attitudes among aged women in Jahrom, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 746 postmenopausal women aged between 50 and 89 years old who had referred to obstetric and gynecologic clinic in Jahrom, from April to October 2014. Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire was used order to assess the sexual function. The cases were classified into three categories according to the attitude scores: negative (17-32), medium (33-38), and positive (39-48). One-way ANOVA test was used to determine the relationship between FSFI and attitude scores.
Results: The participants’ mean±SD age was 60.10±6.89 years and the total mean score of FSFI was 19.31±8.5. In addition, 81.5% of the women had sexual dysfunction (FSFI< 26.55) and only 147 women (18.5%) had normal sexual function (FSFI> 26.55). Almost 62.1% the women displayed a negative attitude towards sexuality and only 18.8% women had positive attitude. Feeling of dyspareunia (p= 0.02), lubrication (p< 0.0001), orgasm (p= 0.002) and satisfaction (p= 0.002) were significantly different between three categories of attitudes regarding sexuality, respectively.
Conclusion: Our data showed that sexual disorders were highly prevalent among postmenopausal women. The most affected problems were arousal, dyspareunia, and lubrication. More than half of the women had negative attitude towards sexual function consequently this could affect their sexual function. So, it seems screening of sexual dysfunction for finding the causes in women should be the main sexual health program. Also, it would be important to emphasis the role of physicians and experts on education and counseling in this subject.
Seyed Alireza Afshani, Ali Mohammad Abdoli, Mehrieh Hashempour, Maryam Baghbeheshti, Mohammad Zolfaghari,
Volume 14, Issue 12 (12-2016)
Abstract
Background: Knowledge about assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and its procedures affect the attitude of infertile people. Making decisions about the use of ART is affected by one's perception and attitude.
Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the attitude of infertile couples toward applying ART, and to investigate its related factors.
Materials and Methods: A randomized cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 infertile couples who had referred to the Research and Clinical Center of Infertility, Yazd, Iran for diagnosis and treatment in June 2014. The data was collected using a two-part questionnaire containing demographic and attitudinal statements. For data analysis, SPSS statistical software and statistical tests of mean differences (t-test), Pearson correlation and analysis of variance were used.
Results: A significant relationship between spouse's attitude (p<0.01), relative's attitude (p<0.01), the applied knowledge of ART (p<0.01), and attitude of infertile couples toward applying the ART was observed; however, there was not any significant relationship between gender and socioeconomic status toward applying ART (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, making a decision and accepting ART can be influenced by couple's attitude, their family's attitude and applied knowledge of ART
Zohreh Sadat, Fazlollah Ghofranipour, Seyed Ali Azin, Ali Montazeri, Azita Goshtasebi, Azam Bagheri, Elham Barati,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (2-2018)
Abstract
Background: Designing a valid and reliable questionnaire that allows a fair evaluation of sexual knowledge and attitudes and develop a proper sexual educational program is necessary.
Objective: The present study was designed to develop and psychometric evaluation of the sexual knowledge and attitudes scale for premarital couples.
Materials and Methods: An exploratory mixed method study was conducted in two phases; in the first, in order to develop a questionnaire an item pool was generated on sexual knowledge and attitudes through focus group discussions and individual interviews. In the second phase, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were examined. For this purpose, face validity, content validity as well as construct validity were conducted. Reliability was assessed by the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient to assess internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
Results: In the first phase an item pool with 88 questions was generated (sexual knowledge 45 items and sexual attitudes 43 items). In the second phase, the number of final items reduced to 33 and 34 items of sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes respectively, through exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Five factors for sexual knowledge and six factors for sexual attitudes identified by EFA. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for two sections was 0.84 and 0.81 respectively. The test- retest correlations for sexual knowledge and sexual attitude was 0.74 and 0.82 respectively.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale for Premarital Couples is a valid and reliable instrument. Further studies are needed to establish stronger psychometric properties for the questionnaire.
Robab Latifnejad Roudsari, Hamideh Jafari, Ali Taghipour,
Volume 17, Issue 5 (5-2019)
Abstract
Background: There are controversial views on accepting a reproductive donation inthe world.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the socioculturalbeliefs and infertile couples’ attitude toward reproductive donation in Mashhad, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted out on 115infertile couples visiting Milad Infertility Center in Mashhad, Iran with using conveniencesampling. The research instruments were valid and reliable sociocultural beliefs andattitude questionnaires, which were completed by the respondents on a self-reportbasis.Results:The mean score of attitude toward reproductive donation in infertile womenand men was 58.3±12.6 and 57.8±12.0, and the mean score of sociocultural beliefs ininfertile women and men was 67.7±11.5 and 67.6±12.4, respectively. There was a directcorrelation between sociocultural beliefs and attitude toward reproductive donationin infertile women (p<0.001) and men (p<0.001), that is, women and men with ahigher score of sociocultural beliefs had a higher score of attitude as well. A directcorrelation was also seen between sociocultural beliefs and infertile women and men’spublic attitude, their attitude towards genetic bound between parents and children,their attitude regarding the issue of confidentiality of the donation process, as well asattitude in relation to oocyte donation, embryo donation, and surrogacy (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that sociocultural beliefs that surround reproductivedonation could influence infertile couple’s attitude toward accepting these therapeuticalternatives in infertile couples. It is therefore recommended to take steps toincorporate sociocultural beliefs into the routine care of infertile couples with the helpof social media to give them ability for making more pragmatic decision in relation totheir chosen options
Mohammad Baqer Hashemi-Soteh, Ali Vali Nejad, Golamreza Ataei, Alireza Tafazoli, Dariush Ghasemi, Rita Siamy,
Volume 17, Issue 8 (8-2019)
Abstract
Background: Genetic testing has been widely introduced for many hereditary disorders. While the attitudes towards these facilities have been evaluated in many countries, there are only a few reports on the knowledge of and the orientation among Iranians.
Objective: The current study assesses the attitudes and knowledge of pre-marriage individuals toward the availability and use of genetic tests.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive questionnaire was distributed among 408 marrying individuals. The questions addressed the demographic characteristics along the registration of participant's knowledge, education, and attitude toward genetic testing. The individuals were divided into three groups based on their knowledge: 1) Scored above 80 to 100 were defined as "good" 2) 60 to 80 as "average" 3) less than 60 as "poor" knowledge.
Result: Most participants (86%) believed consanguineous marriages increase the risk of genetic diseases; 82.3% knew that thalassemia is a type of genetic disease, only 33.3% could distinguish prenatal diagnosis (PND) from other laboratory tests. The relationship between the participants' knowledge and their level of education was significant (r= 0.78, p< 0.001), age (r= -0.16, p< 0.01), and urbanity (p< 0.01). A prominent relationship was observed between the knowledge (r= 0.64, p< 0.001) or education (r= 0.62, p< 0.001) and people’s desire to use the genetic tests before the wedding ceremony. No significant correlations were found between the participant’s attitude and their ages/urbanity. Most of the individuals agreed to arrange a genetic counseling before marriage (0.94%).
Conclusion: This study revealed that most individuals were interested in using genetic counseling services and genetic tests before marriage.
Achmad Kemal, Mila Maidarti, Melisa Silvia, Ana Mariana, Heidi Dewi Mutia, Budi Wiweko,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background: The lack of knowledge from healthcare providers regarding fertility preservation will certainly affect the patient's knowledge, attitude, behavior, and also perspective. Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) residents may most likely be the first line proffesionals to integrate fertility preservation technologies into their practice which play an important task in giving an understanding of the relationship between age and fertility for patients.
Objective: This study aims to assess OB/GYN resident knowledge and beliefs regarding age-related fertility decline, intentions, and religion aspect toward fertility preservation.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 92 Indonesian OB/GYN residents at the Cipto Mangunkusomo Hospital between November and December 2017. Data were collected using a questionnaire which had four sections, knowledge, attitude, intention, and religion aspect toward fertility preservation.
Results: The majority of participants believed that an OB/GYN should encourage discussions about potential childbearing desires (96.74%) and age-related fertility decline (94.57%) with patients, of which 79.34% believed that these discussions should be part of a woman’s annual health examination. Cancer patients are likely to undergo oocyte cryopreservation than people who choose career as priority. From the religion aspect, fertility preservation options such as sperm, oocyte, embryo, and ovarian cortex cryopreservation were accepted by most residents with varied religions, while oocyte and sperm donor methods were unacceptable (48% and 57%, respectively) because of the belief that oocyte/sperm should only be given to legitimate partners, but many still do not know that oocyte and sperm donor were prohibited by all religions.
Conclusion: Age-related fertility decline and frozen egg storage should be discussed during annual woman wellness examinations by OB/GYN specialists.
Noraida Endut, Reyhaneh Bagheri, Azman Azwan Azmawati, Intan Hashimah Mohd Hashim, Nor Hafizah Selamat, Leila Mohajer,
Volume 19, Issue 7 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background: This article is an extension of a previous research on masculinity and sexual and reproductive health by applying a newly developed local masculinity scale, KANITA Masculinity Scale, to study men’s masculine gender-role attitudes and behaviors in Malaysia.
Objective: To explore how Malaysian men’s masculine gender-role attitudes and behaviors influence sexual relationships and reproductive health.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used the localized gender-equitable men scale to measure the attitudes of Malaysian men toward sexual relationships and reproductive health. A questionnaire survey was administered to a sample of 168 men of ages 20-64 yr, in Malaysia. Data were analyzed by using SmartPLS version 3.2.6.
Results: The findings of the study showed that men’s traditional behaviors and controlling nature are positively associated with the inequality in sexual relationships (p < 0.05, t = 1.838; and p < 0.05, t = 3.750, respectively) and reproductive health (p < 0.05, t = 2.196; and p < 0.05, t = 4.133, respectively). In other words, men who offer stronger endorsement of traditional behaviors and control over women report more negative condom attitudes and greater priority of men’s desires in sexual relationships. In contrast, there were not significant relationships between men’s responses to family and feminine roles in men with sexual relationships and reproductive health.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of considering traditional masculinity ideology when considering the role of men in sexual relationships and reproductive health. Our findings suggest gender transformative policies and programs seeking to inspire men for more gender-equitable relationships with their partners.
Achmad Kemal Harzif, Raymond Surya, Raden Muharam Natadisastra, Gita Pratama, Alfa Putri Meutia,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (2-2022)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: More than 135,000 people aged under 45 yr are diagnosed with cancer annually worldwide. Good detection and management of cancer increase the quality of life.
Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of practitioners supporting cancer patients in fertility preservation.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 18 type D government hospitals and Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, in Jakarta, Indonesia, between January 2018 and August 2019. This study involved practitioners providing care to cancer patients. Data were described descriptively.
Results: Most of the general practitioners, specialists, and subspecialists who participated in this study were aged 26-30 yr (65.4%), 31-35 yr (70.4%), and 31-40 yr (53.0%), respectively. The fertility treatment most known by general practitioners was in vitro fertilization with embryo cryopreservation (12.1%); for specialists it was sperm cryopreservation (24.5%). Meanwhile, subspecialists knew most about in vitro fertilization with embryo cryopreservation and sperm cryopreservation using a GnRH agonist (such as leuprolide injection) pre-cancer treatment (13%). A positive attitude towards fertility preservation as an important priority for cancer patients was shown in 72.0% of general practitioners, 73.3% of specialists, and 100% of subspecialists. General practitioners mostly referred patients to fertility specialists (44.4%). Many specialists (54.9%) and subspecialists (67%) discussed the possible impact of the patient’s condition and / or treatment on fertility.
Conclusion: The knowledge of and practices related to fertility preservation differed among general practitioners, specialists, and subspecialists. However, positive attitudes among them were similar.
Mojdeh Banaei, Nourossadat Kariman, Hamid Sharif Nia, Tahereh Mokhtarian-Gilani,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may lead to couples not being physically and mentally ready to assume a parenting role.
Objective: Given the changes in reproductive behaviors and the lack of accurate information about childbearing factors during the Coronavirus pandemic, this study was conducted to investigates the role of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iranian couples’ childbearing intentions based on the theory of planned behavior model.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 married Iranian women from July to October 2020 using official online popular social networks. Data were collected using a demographic checklist and the researcher-made questionnaire, which was designed based on the main constructs of the planned behavior model.
Results: Testing the indirect relationships of the mediation model effect showed a positive relationship between knowledge (β = 0.226, p < 0.001) and subjective norms (β = 0.155, p = 0.001) about COVID-19. Anxiety about COVID-19 mediated the relationship of knowledge (β = 0.105, p = 0.009), attitude (β = -0.125, p = 0.002), subjective norms (β = 0.238, p < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.513, p < 0.001) about COVID-19 with childbearing intentions.
Conclusion: The results showed that COVID-19-induced anxiety can affect the relationship between the components of the theory of planned behavior model and childbearing intentions. Therefore, it is suggested that by designing appropriate interventions through anxiety-reducing and relaxation techniques, a fundamental step can be taken in increasing childbearing desires.
