en شیوع ناهنجاری های مادرزادی و فاکتورهای مرتبط در تولدهای زنده در شهر زاهدان، جنوب شرقی ایران: یک مطالعه مقطعی Perinatology Original Article Original Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مقدمه: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">اصطلاح ناهنجاری مادرزادی به ناهنجاری&shy;های ساختاری یا عملکردی در زمان بارداری اطلاق می&shy;شود. در حدود 12 مرگ مرتبط با ناتوانی&shy;های مادرزادی در هر 10000 نوزاد متولد شده رخ می&shy;دهد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">هدف: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه برآنست که شیوع و فاکتورهای مرتبط بر ناهنجاری&shy;های مادرزادی منفرد و چندگانه را در بین تولدهای زنده شهر زاهدان در جنوب شرقی ایران ارزیابی کند.</span></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش &shy;ها: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه مقطعی بر روی 59087 تولد زنده در یک بیمارستان مرجع در شهر زاهدان واقع در جنوب شرقی ایران در طی سال&shy; های 1397-1387 صورت گرفته است. تمام تولدهای زنده توسط پزشکان اطفال بررسی و ناهنجاری&shy;های مادرزادی براساس طبقه&shy;بندی بین&shy;المللی بیماری&shy;ها دسته &shy;بندی شدند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتایج: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">از بین تمام 59085 تولد زنده، حداقل 883 تولد زنده یک ناهنجاری قابل توجه داشتند و میزان شیوع ناهنجاری&shy;های مادرزادی در حدود 149 به ازای هر 10000 مورد بود. ناهنجاری&shy;های سیستم&shy;های عصبی و گردش خون پرتکرار بودند که به ترتیب در 213 و 187 مورد از تولدهای زنده رخ داده&shy;اند. اسپینابیفیدا &nbsp;رایج&shy;ترین ناهنجاری سیستم مرکزی بود. شایع&shy;ترین ناهنجاری سیستم گردش خون بدشکلی&shy;های نامشخص قلب (1/17%) و سیستم گردش خون (7/18%) و مجرای شریانی باقی مانده (7/11%) بود. ارتباط معناداری بین ازدواج فامیلی والدین، سن مادر، وجود یک ناهنجاری در خانواده و خویشاوندان با ناهنجاری&shy;های مادرزادی منفرد و چندگانه وجود داشت ( به ترتیب 02/0</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"> =</span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، 02/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، 001/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و 01/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">).</span></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجه&shy; گیری: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">شیوع ناهنجاری&shy;های مادرزادی 149 مورد به ازای هر 10000 تولد زنده بود. بیشترین شیوع ناهنجاری&shy;های مادرزادی مربوط به سیستم عصبی مرکزی بود. افزایش دانش عمومی در مورد نقایص جنینی می&shy;تواند شیوع ناهنجاری&shy;های مادرزادی را کاهش دهد.</span></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The term congenital anomalies (CAs) refer to structural or functional abnormalities at the time of conception. Approximately 12 deaths related to congenital disabilities occur in every 10,000 babies born. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Objective:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of single and multiple CAs in live births in Zahedan, Southeast Iran.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Materials and Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> This cross-sectional study was conducted on 59,087 live births in a referral hospital in Zahedan located in the southeast of Iran during 2009-2019. All live births were examined by pediatricians and the CAs and categorized based on the international classification of diseases.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Of 59,085 live births, at least 883 had a significant anomaly, and the prevalence rate of CAs was about 149 per 10,000. Anomalies of the nervous (24.1%) and cardiovascular systems (21.10%) were the most frequent, occurring in 213 and 187 of the live births, respectively. Spina bifida is the most common anomaly of the central nervous system. The most common anomalies in the cardiovascular system were unspecified heart malformations (17.1%), cardiovascular malformations (18.7%), and patent ductus arteriosus</span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(11.7%)</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. Significant correlations were found between the parent&#39;s consanguinity marriage, the mother&#39;s age, an existing anomaly in the family, and relatives in single and multiple CAs (p = 0.02, p = 0.02, p < 0.001, p = 0.01, respectively). </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The prevalence of CAs was 149 per 10,000 live births. The highest prevalence of CAs was related to the central nervous system. Increasing the public&#39;s knowledge about fetal defects can reduce the prevalence of CAs. </span></span></span></span></span></div> ناهنجاری های مادرزادی, بستری, ایران, تولد زنده, شیوع, عوامل خطر. Congenital anomalies, Hospitalization, Iran, Live birth, Prevalence, Risk factors. 647 656 http://ijrm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2403-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Azam Asemi-Rad az_arad@yahoo.com 0000-0002-1772-9485 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Zahra Heidari histology_iri@yahoo.com 0000-0002-3401-1619 No Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Hamidreza Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb histology@ymail.com 0000-0002-3732-2586 Yes Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Yousef Mehdipour yas532004@gmail.com 0000-0003-2620-8662 No Department of Health Information Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran. Bita Moudi bita.moudi@yahoo.com 0000-0001-6893-625X No Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Nadia Sheibak nadia1989sh@yahoo.com 0000-0002-8617-4727 No Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Saeid Ebrahimi saeidebrahimi9@gmail.com 0000-0001-5446-5944 No Department of Health Information Technology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.