International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine
International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine
IJRM
Medical Sciences
http://ijrm.ir
1
admin
2476-4108
2476-3772
10.29252/ijrm
en
jalali
1404
3
1
gregorian
2025
6
1
23
6
online
1
fulltext
en
ارتباط محتوای رونوشتهای پروتامین 1 و 2 اسپرم با سن پدر: یک مطالعه مقطعی
Association of sperm protamine1 and protamine2 transcript content with paternal age: A cross-sectional study
Reproductive Genetics
Original Article
Original Article
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مقدمه: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">در طول دهه گذشته میانگین سن پدر افزایش قابل توجهی داشته است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">هدف: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مطالعه حاضر به بررسی اثرات سن مرد بر پارامترهای اسپرم، قطعه­قطعه شدن </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">DNA</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و بیان ژن­های </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM1</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM2</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در مردان با اسپرم نرمال می­پردازد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش­ ها: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">در این مطالعه مقطعی نمونه منی از 106 مرد با اسپرم نرمال جمع­آوری شد. افراد به سه گروه 25-20، 35-30، 45-40 سال تقسیم شدند. آنالیز غلظت، تحرک و مورفولوژی طبیعی اسپرم انجام شد.</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تکه­تکه شدن </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">DNA</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> اسپرم و سطوح ژن­های </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM1</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM2</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> اسپرم آنالیز شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتایج: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بیشترین میزان غلظت، تحرک و مورفولوژی طبیعی اسپرم در مردان 25-20 ساله مشاهده شد. کاهش قابل توجهی در تحرک کلی اسپرم (006/0 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">=</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و مورفولوژی طبیعی (015/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) بعد از 40 سالگی در مقایسه با مردان مشاهده شد. به طور معنی­داری (001/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) میزان آسیب </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">DNA</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در مردان 45</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">-</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">40 ساله بالاتر بود. قطعه­قطعه شدن </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">DNA</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> به­طور قابل توجهی با تحرک کل اسپرم (012/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، 242/0- </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">r</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و مورفولوژی طبیعی (008/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، 257/0- </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">r</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) ارتباط دارد. کمترین میزان رونوشت </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM1</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM2</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در مردان 45-40 ساله مشاهده شد. آسیب </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">DNA</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> به­طور قابل توجهی با کاهش سطح ژن­های </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM1</span></i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> (018/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، 453/0- </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">r</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM2</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> (009/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">، 492/0- </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt">= </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">r</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) همراه بود. سطوح رونوشت </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM1</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PRM2</span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> در اسپرم انزالی با سن مردان ارتباط معنی­داری داشت.</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجه­ گیری: </span></span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافته­های ما تغیرات مرتبط با سن را در محتوای رونوشت­های </span></span><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">PRM1</span></span></i><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">PRM2</span></span></i><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> اسپرم و ارتباط آن­ها با پارامترهای اسپرم و قطعه­قطعه شدن </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">DNA</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> نشان می­دهد.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in average paternal age.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Objective:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The present study investigated the effects of male age on sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation, and<i> </i>protamine1 (<i>PRM1</i>) and protamine2<i> </i>(<i>PRM2</i>) transcript content in normozoospermic men.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Materials and Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> <span style="background:white">In this cross-sectional study, 106 s</span>emen samples from normozoospermic men were obtained. The objects were divided into 3 age groups: 20-25, 30-35, and 40-45 yr. Sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation were assessed, and transcript levels of <i>PRM1</i> and <i>PRM2</i> were analyzed</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> in ejaculated spermatozoa.</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The highest levels of sperm concentration, motility, and normal morphology were observed in men aged between 20 and 25 yr. Significant declines were seen in sperm total motility (p = 0.006) and normal morphology (p = 0.015) after 40 yr compared to younger men. Significantly </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(p < 0.001) </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">higher levels of DNA damage were seen in 40-45-yr-old men. DNA fragmentation correlated significantly</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> with sperm total motility (</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">r = -0.242, p = 0.012) </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">and normal morphology (</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">r = -0.257, p = 0.008)</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. The lowest levels of </span></span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">PRM1 </span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">and <i>PRM2</i> </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">transcripts were seen </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">in 40-45-yr-old men</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">DNA damage </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">was significantly associated with reduced </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">transcript levels</span></span><i> </i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">of <i>PRM1 </i></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(r = -0.453, p = </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">0</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.018) </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">and</span></span> <i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">PRM2 </span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(r = -0.492, p = </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">0</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.009). </span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Transcript levels of <i>PRM1</i> and <i>PRM2</i> in ejaculated spermatozoa were correlated significantly with the age of men.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Our findings demonstrate age-related changes in sperm <i>PRM1 </i>and <i>PRM2</i> transcript content and their correlations with sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation.</span></span></span></div>
سن پدر, آسیب DNA, پروتامین ها, رونوشت برداری.
Paternal age, DNA damage, Protamines, Transcription.
507
516
http://ijrm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-351-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Baharan
Dolatshahi
baharandolatshahi@gmail.com