<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine</title>
<title_fa>International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine</title_fa>
<short_title>IJRM</short_title>
<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://ijrm.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>2476-4108</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>2476-3772</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.29252/ijrm</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
<language>en</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1404</year>
	<month>12</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2026</year>
	<month>3</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>24</volume>
<number>3</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>en</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa>عصاره پوست لیموترش در مقایسه با متفورمین در سندرم تخمدان پلی کیستیک ناشی از تستوسترون: یک مطالعه تجربی</title_fa>
	<title>Citrus limon peel extract versus metformin in testosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome: An experimental study</title>
	<subject_fa></subject_fa>
	<subject>Reproductive Endocrinology</subject>
	<content_type_fa>Original Article</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Original Article</content_type>
	<abstract_fa>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-justify:inter-ideograph&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;مقدمه: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;متفورمین یکی از درمان&amp;shy;های استاندارد برای اختلالات متابولیک در سندرم تخمدان پلی&amp;shy;کیستیک (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;) می&amp;shy; باشد، اما عوارض جانبی گوارشی آن، جستجوی جایگزین&#8204;ها را ضروری می&#8204;کند. عصاره پوست لیموترش (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;LPE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;) دارای خواص ضدالتهابی و ضددیابتی است که ممکن است در درمان &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; مؤثر باشد.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-justify:inter-ideograph&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;هدف: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;هدف از انجام مطالعه&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;ارزیابی اثرات &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;LPE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; متفورمین و ترکیب آنها بر فاکتور نکروز تومور&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;TNF-&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;) ارزیابی مدل هموستاتیک مقاومت به انسولین (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;HOMA-IR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;) و قند خون ناشتا (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;FBG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;) در موش&#8204;های صحرایی مبتلا به &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; ناشی از تستوسترون بود.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-justify:inter-ideograph&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;مواد و روش&amp;shy; ها: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;یک مطالعه تجربی بر روی ۳۲ موش صحرایی ماده از نژاد &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;Rattus norvegicus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;(۱۲ هفته&#8204;ای، 170-130 گرم) انجام شد که به ۴ گروه (8 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;) تقسیم شدند: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; بدون درمان، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS + LPE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; با دوز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;mg/kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; ۵۰۰، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;+ متفورمین با دوز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;mg/kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; ۲۰۰ و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; با ترکیب &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;LPE&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;mg/kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; 500 + متفورمین &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;mg/kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; ۲۰۰. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; با تستوسترون پروپیونات (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;mg/kg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; 10) به مدت ۲۱ روز القا و پس از آن ۱۴ روز تحت درمان قرار گرفت. ۲۴ ساعت پس از آخرین درمان، نمونه&#8204;های خون برای اندازه&#8204;گیری &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;TNF-&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;، انسولین و قند خون ناشتا با استفاده از روش ایمونواسی متصل به آنزیم جمع&#8204;آوری شد. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;HOMA-IR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; از سطح انسولین و قند خون ناشتا محاسبه شد.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-justify:inter-ideograph&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;نتایج: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;LPE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; در مقایسه با موش&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; درمان نشده، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;TNF-&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;HOMA-IR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;FBG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; را به طور قابل توجهی کاهش داد (001/0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;)، در مقایسه با تجویز متفورمین، تفاوت معنی&#8204;داری مشاهده نشد (575/0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;FBG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;554/0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;HOMA-IR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;945/0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;= &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;،&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;TNF-&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;). علاوه بر این، درمان ترکیبی &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;LPE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; و متفورمین منجر به کاهش بیشتر &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;HOMA-IR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;FBG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; نسبت به درمان تکی شد (05/0 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;نتیجه&amp;shy; گیری: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;LPE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; با اثراتی قابل مقایسه با متفورمین سطح &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;TNF-&amp;alpha;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;HOMA-IR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; و &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;FBG&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; را در موش&#8204;های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span new=&quot;&quot; roman=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot; times=&quot;&quot;&gt;PCOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;RTL&quot; lang=&quot;FA&quot; style=&quot;font-size:11.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span b=&quot;&quot; mitra=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;font-family:&quot;&gt; کاهش داد، جالب توجه است که اثربخشی آنها هنگام استفاده ترکیبی بهبود می&#8204;یابد.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;Background: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;Metformin is the standard therapy for metabolic disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but its gastrointestinal side effects prompt the search for alternatives. Lemon peel extract (LPE) possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties that may support PCOS management.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;Objective: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;To evaluate the effects of LPE, metformin, and their combination on tumor necrosis factor-&amp;alpha; (TNF-&amp;alpha;), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in testosterone-induced PCOS rats.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;An experimental study was conducted on 32 females &lt;i&gt;Rattus norvegicus &lt;/i&gt;(12 wk, 130-170 gr), divided into 4 groups (n = 8): untreated PCOS, PCOS + LPE at dose 500 mg/kg, PCOS + metformin at dose 200 mg/kg, and PCOS with combination LPE 500 mg/kg + metformin 200 mg/kg. PCOS was induced with testosterone propionate (10 mg/kg) for 21 days, followed by 14 days of treatment. 24 hr after the last treatment, blood samples were collected to measure TNF-&amp;alpha;, insulin and FBG using the enzyme-linked immunoassay method. HOMA-IR was calculated from insulin and FBG levels.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;Results: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;LPE significantly reduced TNF-&amp;alpha;, HOMA-IR, and FBG compared with the untreated PCOS rats (p &lt; 0.001), no significant differences were observed when compared with metformin administration (TNF-&amp;alpha;, p = 0.945; HOMA-IR, p = 0.554; FBG, p = 0.575). Additionally, combination therapy of LPE and metformin resulted in a greater reduction in HOMA-IR and FBG than single therapy (p &lt; 0.05). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:107%&quot;&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:107%&quot;&gt;LPE reduced TNF-&amp;alpha; levels, HOMA-IR, and FBG in PCOS rats, with effects comparable to metformin. Interestingly, their effectiveness improves when used in combination.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Citrus limon, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Insulin resistance.</keyword>
	<start_page>181</start_page>
	<end_page>192</end_page>
	<web_url>http://ijrm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3234-1&amp;slc_lang=en&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Ulfa Nadiya </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Herawati</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>ulfanadiya27@gmail.com; ulfa.nadiya.herawati-2022@fk.unair.ac.id</email>
	<code></code>
	<orcid>0009-0008-8243-6735</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Master Program of Reproductive Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Jimmy Yanuar </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Annas</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>jimmyyanuar@fk.unair.ac.id</email>
	<code></code>
	<orcid>0000-0002-3589-4177</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Master Program of Reproductive Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Widjiati</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Widjiati</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>widjiati@fkh.unair.ac.id</email>
	<code></code>
	<orcid>0000-0002-8376-1176</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
