2026-07-16T23:46:40+03:30 http://ijrm.ir/browse.php?mag_id=218&slc_lang=en&sid=1

218-3530 2026-07-16 10.1002

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine IJRM 2476-4108 2476-3772 10.29252/ijrm 2025 23 6 Marzieh Zamaniyan Marziehzamaniyan@gmail.com Sepideh Peivandi dr_peyvandi@yahoo.com Maryam Pashazadeh M.pashazadeh98@gmail.com Farnaz Safarloo safarloo203@gmail.com Background: The beneficial and long-term effects of ovarian platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in assisted reproductive technology cycles are still debatable. Objective: The aim of the current study is to determine the effect of ovarian PRP on the outcome of in vitro fertilization in women with poor ovarian response. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic review conducted to address the research question through a structured search process. We searched databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar search engine using keywords such as "clinical pregnancy", "live birth", "miscarriage", "poor ovarian response", "platelet-rich plasma", and "in vitro fertilization". The search was conducted without a time limit until December 20, 2024. After screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts of 6646 studies, 14 studies were ultimately selected for inclusion in the review. Results: In 3 studies, no significant effect was observed on abortion rates, but in 1 study, no abortions were reported in the intervention group, raising concerns about the possible role of this procedure. In 5 studies, PRP significantly increased pregnancy success with in vitro fertilization. In contrast, 6 studies found this effect to be non-significant, and 2 reported inconclusive results. In terms of live birth, 5 studies showed a positive effect of PRP, but 3 studies reported non-significant results, and 2 studies reported inconclusive results. One study showed an increase in ongoing pregnancy rates in the PRP group, and 2 studies showed an increase in implantation. Conclusion: The effectiveness of ovarian PRP in infertility treatment remains unclear due to conflicting results. Ovarian platelet-rich plasma Poor ovarian response In vitro fertilization. 2025 6 01 459 474 http://ijrm.ir/article-1-3530-en.pdf doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v23i6.19397

218-3495 2026-07-16 10.1002

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine IJRM 2476-4108 2476-3772 10.29252/ijrm 2025 23 6 Razieh Dehghani Firouzabadi dr_firouzabadi@ssu.ac.ir Nahid Homayoon nahid.homayoon@hotmail.com Sahereh Arabian sahereh_arabian@yahoo.com; s.arabian@semums.ac.ir Fatemeh Dehghanpour dehghanpour64@yahoo.com Esmat Mangoli es.mangoli@gmail.com Hamide Barzegar hamide.barzegar@gmail.com Sajad Zare Garizi SajadZare828@gmail.com Background: Advances in assisted reproductive technology have led to improved outcomes through various innovations. The embryo must hatch from its acellular glycoprotein-based outer layer, the zona pellucida, before it can be implanted. Assisted hatching (AH) is a technique proposed to enhance embryo implantation. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of AH in improving pregnancy outcomes among women with poor ovarian response (POR) undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 170 women with POR (POSEIDON groups 3 and 4) undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection at the Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Yazd, Iran from December 2023-June 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to either the hatching group or the control group. Clinical pregnancy, chemical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and miscarriage rates were compared between the 2 groups. Results: No significant difference was observed between the hatching and control group in terms of chemical pregnancy (24.4% vs. 17.3%. p = 0.271), clinical pregnancy (23.1% vs. 14.8%, p = 0.183), ongoing pregnancy (16.7% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.310), and miscarriage rates (27.8% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.866). However, a significant difference was observed in the frozen embryo transfer subgroup, with the hatching group demonstrating significantly higher rates of ongoing and clinical pregnancies compared to the control group. Conclusion: While AH did not demonstrate overall benefits in improving pregnancy outcomes in women with POR, it may enhance the chances of ongoing and clinical pregnancy in frozen embryo transfer cycles. Assisted reproductive technologies Frozen embryo transfer Laser-assisted hatching. 2025 6 01 475 484 http://ijrm.ir/article-1-3495-en.pdf doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v23i6.19398

218-3464 2026-07-16 10.1002

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine IJRM 2476-4108 2476-3772 10.29252/ijrm 2025 23 6 Seyedeh Mahsa Poormoosavi m.poormoosavi@ymail.com Mohammad Amin Behmanesh behmanesh.ma@yahoo.com Fatemeh Pourmotahari pourmotahari@gmail.com Kosar Tavvalapour K.tavallapour@gmail.com Sima Janati janati.s@dums.ac.ir; sjanati@ymail.com Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents a broad spectrum of clinical outcomes and, unlike other coronaviruses, poses significant risks during pregnancy. A primary concern is the potential for vertical transmission from mother to fetus, affecting both maternal and fetal health. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the placental histopathology and maternal-perinatal outcomes in mothers infected with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 40 pregnant women referred to Ganjavian hospital, Dezful, Iran for delivery from June to October 2021 were enrolled in 2 groups: group I who were women with COVID-19 on the day of delivery (n = 30) and group II who were women without COVID-19 (n = 10). Placental tissue samples were collected post-delivery to assess histopathological changes and placental weight. Additionally, maternal and neonatal characteristics including maternal age, the number of prior deliveries and pregnancies, gestational age, 1- and 5-min Apgar scores, and maternal oxygen administration, mode of delivery, and neonatal COVID-19 test results, were compared between the groups. Results: No significant differences were found between the groups regarding maternal age, gestational age, parity, Apgar scores, placental weight, oxygen therapy, or delivery method. However, group I showed significantly higher rates of placental abnormalities such as intravillous fetal thrombosis (p = 0.002), fibrin deposition, lymphocytic infiltration, chorangiosis, edema, intervillous hemorrhage, syncytial node formation, distal villous hypoplasia, and avascular villi (p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to our study, the placental tissue of pregnant women who have been infected with COVID-19 during their third trimester indicates tissue changes that can lead to poor exchanges between mother and fetus. Pathology Placenta Pregnancy Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 COVID-19. 2025 6 01 485 492 http://ijrm.ir/article-1-3464-en.pdf doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v23i6.19399

218-3476 2026-07-16 10.1002

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine IJRM 2476-4108 2476-3772 10.29252/ijrm 2025 23 6 Lina Almahmoud linaalmahmoud@hotmail.com Laith Altawil lmaltaweel16@med.just.edu.jo Yazan Shahatit y.shahatit1995@gmail.com Rawan Sami rsamiyou@gmail.com Ayman Abdullah Qatawneh aymanqtwh@yahoo.com Zaid Mohannad Alkhdaire zaid98@hotmail.com Rajai Zurikat rajaizurikat@hotmail.com Akram Mohammad Karmoul akram.karmoul97@gmail.com Abdallah Abuawad abdallahabuawad@hotmail.com Wasan Al-Dalabeeh aldalabeehwasan@yahoo.com Mohammad Abu Khait mohammedabukhait28@gmail.com Morad Bani-Hani morad_bh@hu.edu.jo Background: Adolescents constitute 16% of the world's population, among whom critical developmental changes influence their health. Risky sexual behaviors increase the likelihood of contracting sexually transmitted infections, with 40% of global new HIV cases occurring in individuals aged 15-25 yr. Objective: This study aims to assess sexual health attitudes among youth in Jordan. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April, 2024, involving 864 participants aged between 15 and 22. Data were collected through a validated online survey comprising 43 questions covering socio-demographic factors and knowledge/attitudes toward sexual education, masturbation, pornography, sexual behaviors, and menstruation. Results: Of the participants, 54% were females, 66.4% were university students, and 92.2% resided in urban areas. Most supported sexual education (72.1%) and its inclusion in schools (76.7%). Masturbation was recognized by 88.9%, and pornography had been viewed by 69.9%, with a strong association with male gender (p < 0.001). Physical contact with partners was reported by 31.6% while 13.8% opposed it before marriage. Unwanted sexual touch was significantly more reported by females (p < 0.001). Additionally, 75.7% would seek expert help for sexual issues. Only 66.7% of females learned about menstruation before its onset. Conclusion: Despite prevailing cultural conservatism, Jordanian youth show considerable openness and awareness regarding sexual health. These findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive, structured sexual education and open dialogue to promote adolescent reproductive well-being. Sexual health Health services Health knowledge Attitudes Practice Adolescent Jordan. 2025 6 01 493 506 http://ijrm.ir/article-1-3476-en.pdf doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v23i6.19402

218-3502 2026-07-16 10.1002

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine IJRM 2476-4108 2476-3772 10.29252/ijrm 2025 23 6 Baharan Dolatshahi baharandolatshahi@gmail.com Mehran Dorostghoal dorostghoal@gmail.com Hamid Galehdari galehdari187@yahoo.com Masoud Hemadi mhemadi79@gmail.com Background: Over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in average paternal age. Objective: The present study investigated the effects of male age on sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation, and protamine1 (PRM1) and protamine2 (PRM2) transcript content in normozoospermic men. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 106 semen samples from normozoospermic men were obtained. The objects were divided into 3 age groups: 20-25, 30-35, and 40-45 yr. Sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation were assessed, and transcript levels of PRM1 and PRM2 were analyzed in ejaculated spermatozoa. Results: The highest levels of sperm concentration, motility, and normal morphology were observed in men aged between 20 and 25 yr. Significant declines were seen in sperm total motility (p = 0.006) and normal morphology (p = 0.015) after 40 yr compared to younger men. Significantly (p < 0.001) higher levels of DNA damage were seen in 40-45-yr-old men. DNA fragmentation correlated significantly with sperm total motility (r = -0.242, p = 0.012) and normal morphology (r = -0.257, p = 0.008). The lowest levels of PRM1 and PRM2 transcripts were seen in 40-45-yr-old men. DNA damage was significantly associated with reduced transcript levels of PRM1 (r = -0.453, p = 0.018) and PRM2 (r = -0.492, p = 0.009). Transcript levels of PRM1 and PRM2 in ejaculated spermatozoa were correlated significantly with the age of men. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate age-related changes in sperm PRM1 and PRM2 transcript content and their correlations with sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation. Paternal age DNA damage Protamines Transcription. 2025 6 01 507 516 http://ijrm.ir/article-1-3502-en.pdf doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v23i6.19404

218-3576 2026-07-16 10.1002

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine IJRM 2476-4108 2476-3772 10.29252/ijrm 2025 23 6 Hamidreza Ashrafzadeh hr.ashrafzadeh@gmail.com Farzaneh Tafvizi farzanehtafvizi54@gmail.com Nasrin Ghasemi nghasemi479@gmail.com Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi mmvahidi@gmail.com Vahid Naseh vahid55vet@yahoo.com Background: All considerable families are seeking genetic counseling aiming to manage the next pregnancy according to the positive family history of heterogenetic disorders. Prenatal diagnosis utilizing next-generation sequencing provides a significant means to identify the causes of genetic abnormalities, allowing for timely interventions that support informed family planning. This study explores the power of whole-exome sequencing (WES) in uncovering genetic variants in couples who are seeking genetic counseling for their next pregnancy. Case Presentations: In this study, WES was used to identify genetic variations associated with disability in families seeking genetic counseling. 3 families who had at least 1 child with developmental delay (DD) and/or intellectual disability (ID) participated in a genetic counselling clinic, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Yazd, Iran to have successful outcomes for the next pregnancy. 3 distinct mutation sites from 3 families were diagnosed, following the WES for affected children with intellectual disabilities. Results showed a homozygous de novo stop-gain mutation in malate dehydrogenase 1 gene (NM_005917.4:c.4C>T; p.Arg2Ter), a splice acceptor mutation in the post-glycosylphosphatidylinositol attachment to proteins inositol deacylase 1 gene (NM_024989.4:c.1221-1G>T), and a missense mutation in the lysosomal trafficking regulator gene (NM_000081.4:c.949G>A; p.Glu317Lys) in each family, respectively.  Conclusion: For cases with DD and unexplained ID, WES is a very successful diagnostic approach. Unfortunately, large Iranian families exhibit significant genetic heterogeneity, highlighting the critical role of de novo variants in diagnosis. The results of this study confirm that proteins inositol deacylase 1, malate dehydrogenase 1, and lysosomal trafficking regulator are involved in the pathophysiology of ID/DD and the transformative potential of prenatal genetic screening. Prenatal diagnosis Genetic counselling Whole exome sequencing Intellectual disability Developmental delay. 2025 6 01 517 526 http://ijrm.ir/article-1-3576-en.pdf doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v23i6.19405