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Reproductive Biomedicine
Sat, Nov 23, 2024
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Volume 20, Issue 11 (November 2022)
IJRM 2022, 20(11): 973-988 |
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Lohrasbi P, Karbalay-Doust S, Tabei S M B, Azarpira N, Alaee S, Rafiee B et al . The effects of melatonin and metformin on histological characteristics of the ovary and uterus in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome mice: A stereological study. IJRM 2022; 20 (11) :973-988
URL: http://ijrm.ir/article-1-2443-en.html
URL: http://ijrm.ir/article-1-2443-en.html
Parvin Lohrasbi1 
, Saeid Karbalay-Doust2 , Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei3 , Negar Azarpira4 , Sanaz Alaee1 , Bahare Rafiee1 , Soghra Bahmanpour * 5
, Saeid Karbalay-Doust2 , Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei3 , Negar Azarpira4 , Sanaz Alaee1 , Bahare Rafiee1 , Soghra Bahmanpour * 5
1- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3- Department of Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran. Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
4- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
5- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. ,bahmans@sums.ac.ir
2- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3- Department of Genetics, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran. Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
4- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
5- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. ,
Abstract: (1443 Views)
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with anovulation, hyperandrogenism, ovarian and uterine histological changes, menstrual irregularities, etc. signs is an infertility type. It seems that melatonin and metformin can improve these abnormalities.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of melatonin and metformin on the ovary and uterus in PCOS-induced mice using stereological methods.
Materials and Methods: 72 adult female BALB/c mice (8-wk-old, 20-30 gr) were randomly divided into control (distilled water, gavage), PCOS (90 µg/kg letrozole, gavage), PCOS+metformin (500 mg/kg, gavage), PCOS+melatonin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection), and PCOS+melatonin control (0.5% ethanol saline) groups (n = 12/each). Another PCOS group was kept for a month to ensure that PCOS features remained. Finally, a stereological evaluation of the uterus and ovary was carried out, and vaginal cytology and serum testosterone levels were assessed.
Results: PCOS mice treated with metformin and melatonin had lower testosterone levels, body weight, and more regular estrus cycles than the PCOS group (p ≤ 0.001). A significant decrease in conglomerate and daughter gland numbers, and primary, secondary, atretic, and cystic follicles numbers with a significant increase in primordial and Graafian follicles, and corpus luteum numbers (p ≤ 0.001) was seen in these treated mice. Also, endometrial vessels' volume and length significantly increased, but ovarian, endometrial, myometrial, stromal, and glands volume, and endometrial and myometrial thickness dramatically declined (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: It appears that metformin and melatonin could restore the PCOS phenotype including estrus cycle irregularity, high testosterone level, and ovarian and uterine micromorphology to the control levels. However, the 2 treatments had similar effects on the examined parameters.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of melatonin and metformin on the ovary and uterus in PCOS-induced mice using stereological methods.
Materials and Methods: 72 adult female BALB/c mice (8-wk-old, 20-30 gr) were randomly divided into control (distilled water, gavage), PCOS (90 µg/kg letrozole, gavage), PCOS+metformin (500 mg/kg, gavage), PCOS+melatonin (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection), and PCOS+melatonin control (0.5% ethanol saline) groups (n = 12/each). Another PCOS group was kept for a month to ensure that PCOS features remained. Finally, a stereological evaluation of the uterus and ovary was carried out, and vaginal cytology and serum testosterone levels were assessed.
Results: PCOS mice treated with metformin and melatonin had lower testosterone levels, body weight, and more regular estrus cycles than the PCOS group (p ≤ 0.001). A significant decrease in conglomerate and daughter gland numbers, and primary, secondary, atretic, and cystic follicles numbers with a significant increase in primordial and Graafian follicles, and corpus luteum numbers (p ≤ 0.001) was seen in these treated mice. Also, endometrial vessels' volume and length significantly increased, but ovarian, endometrial, myometrial, stromal, and glands volume, and endometrial and myometrial thickness dramatically declined (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: It appears that metformin and melatonin could restore the PCOS phenotype including estrus cycle irregularity, high testosterone level, and ovarian and uterine micromorphology to the control levels. However, the 2 treatments had similar effects on the examined parameters.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
Reproductive Biology
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